Inmunidad en declive
Cómo el envejecimiento remodela la respuesta inmune adaptativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35305/fcm.v4i.134Palabras clave:
Inmunosenescencia, Linfocitos, Inflamación crónica, Respuesta adaptativaResumen
El envejecimiento fisiológico del sistema inmune, conocido como inmunosenescencia, presenta características distintivas que afectan tanto al compartimiento linfoide como al mieloide. Estas alteraciones están estrechamente relacionadas con la aparición de diversas patologías crónicas asociadas a la edad, como cáncer y enfermedades neurodegenerativas, así como con una mayor susceptibilidad a patógenos y una respuesta disminuida a las vacunas. En esta revisión, nos centraremos en los cambios que experimentan los linfocitos T y B como consecuencia del envejecimiento del sistema inmunológico, dado que comprender estos procesos es fundamental para el estudio de la fisiopatología de múltiples afecciones crónicas y el desarrollo de estrategias terapéuticas destinadas a prevenir el envejecimiento prematuro del sistema inmune.
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